Thomas s



TES

Aran-'r .-rrron.

Tueurs s. D IcKEnsoN AND nonNEY vM. WHIPPLE, or chierico, ILL.

IMPRQVEMENT IN PROCESSES )IND APPARATUS "FOR USING LIQUID Fun. Fon PRoDucING HEAT AN-D LIGHT. I

speicauon forming paaofLeaers-rmnt No. 162,662, ma Mey e, 1ero.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, RODNEY M. 'WHIPPLE and THOMs S. DrcKERsoN, both of Chicago,

in the State of Illinois, have discovered and invented a new and improved mode of geuer= ating and manufacturing vapor or. gas from oil, petroleum, and other oleaginous and carbona ceous substances, and using the same in combination with superheated steam, vapor, and gas from water, and applying the. same to purposes of illumina-tion, heat, and propulsion ot' machinery, the same being a new and useful invention and apparatus for the purposes aforesaid; and we do hereby declare that the following is -a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reierence being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of these specifications, in whicl1 Figure l represents an elevation of the iuventiou or machine, showing externalfof the generator and receiver and their connections. Fig 2 represents a sectional view of the generator, receiver, ire-boX, superheater, and their connections, taken in line of center.

Similar letters of reference in the several.

figures indicate corresponding` parts.

The'nature of our invention consists in producing `vapor or gas .from Oil, petroleum, and other olcaginous and carbonaccous substances, by means of supcrheated steam, and by uniting and using the same with other steam or superheated steam, operating in tliemanner hereinafter described.

By using superheated steam for vaporizin g the oil, the format-ion and deposition' of solid carbon is prevented, by the dii'usion and application of heat in such manner and degree asis necessary without decomposing it; and by mixing superheated steam with thevapor or gas thus produced we increase the heat, combine the vapors, produce lgases forheating and illuminating purposes, secure perfect combustion, and save largely in the amount of carbonaceous substances required.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention and apparatus, We proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

The generator for producing the gas or vapor is composed of a cylinder made of boileriron, with tube-heads riveted to the cylinder at each end.. Inside ofthe tube-sheets, which are turned up about two inches, are cast or wrought iron rings, riveted to the tube-sheets and cylinder.

2. The' space in the cylinder around the tubes,

as shown by letters b b, is iilled with the oil. The upper head ofthe cylinder and the upper g tube-sheet are connected and secured by tubebolts, as shown by letters c c, having screwsl cut at each end, upon whichv nuts are used to fasten the tube-bolts on 'each side ofthe double` cylinder-l1ead, and thus allowing the vapor or gas to escape freely through the tube-bolts into the outside case or gas-holder, 'which is represented by the letters O 'Of This gasholder is made 1of boiler-iron, and is placed around'l and inclosing the generator, and secured thereto by proper clamps and braces,

and is surlnounted by a dome or cap made ot'v cast or wrought iron, as represented by letters L L, thus providing space for holding a stiflicicnt amount of the gasor vapor'forworkin g purposes. Letter D represents a pipe leading directly into the oil in the generator, and may be usedy for the introductionl of superheated steam fromfthe steam-pipe F, to ciean out the,v machine, and to assist in converting the oil.

into gas or vapor, and preventing 1carbonization, as may be required. Letters E E repre- -sent steam-spaces between the double heads at eachv end of the generator, which, being connected by the steam-pipes A1A, secures com plete circulation of the superheated steam, and exposes the oil in the generator to the greatest practicable amount ofheatingesurface.

Letters F F F represent a steam-pipe leading from the superheater in the rire-box into the dome of the machine. Letters E E represent a steam-pipe leading from the steam`pipe F into the steamspace E in the generator. Letter g represents an escape-pipe from the geiierator to carry olf the condensed steam. Letters HH represent metallic tube leading from the oil-space in the generator, or from This is done so that the heads may be bolted on to form a steam-space about the fire-box.

serted insideof the gaspipe 1",through.which the pipe T, and aixed to the outside of the machine, with stop-cocks suitably arranged, by which -to ascertain the amount of oil in the generator. Letter I represents a pipe, through which to ll the oil-space b b. Letters J J represent a quantity of elastic spon ges inclosed in wire netting and placed in the dome of the machine, Afor the purpose of steadying the pressure and securing a uniform fiow of the gases or vapors, and for taking up and hold` ing any unvaporized portions of the oil, and exposing the same to the further action oi' superheated steam there to be introduced, and for the better uniting and combining the va porized oil with the superheated steam at that point. Letter K represents a continuation of the steampipe F through the dome and the sponges, and is perforated with numerous small holes along the upper parts to allow the superbe-ated steam to escape upward and mingle perfectly with the gas or vapori'rom the oil in the dome, and further to vaporize any liquids or uids which may be held in the Sponges. Letters L L represent the dome which caps the machine, and isl secured firmly by rivets, screws, and nuts to the gasholder. Letters F F represent the vapor or gas pipe leading from the top of the dome into Letters 'm m show the tubes inthe united gases or vapors from the machine are introduced for combustion. Letter "Srcpresent-s a superheater placed in the iire-box,

composed of a east-iron cylinder iilled with scraps or pieces ot' v iron, and secured with steam-tightheads, through one of which steam is introduced from the boiler, and through the other superheated steam is conveyed by the connecting-pipes to the machine. Letters Q Q represent the boiler, from whence steam is taken by/thc pipe q q tothe superheatcr. Letters R It represent the nre-box `iillcd with i'lame irom the burning vapors or gases. Letter E. represents a common stcanrgagc, by which to show the pressure of the gases or vapors upon the machine.' Letter CFD exhibits the pipe used for drawing oil from the generator, and olea-nin g the same.

The mode of operating the machine is as follows, to wit: VSteam is taken from the boiler' 'Q through the pipe q into the superhcater N,

and there superheated by the combustion in -the fire-box R, from whence it passes with great force ot' pressure through the pipe lh1 into the stcam-space E in the genera-tor, in-

stantly fillingthe steam-tubes A A and the other steamspace E with superhcat-cd steam, and thereby heating the oil in the space b b in the generator, so that itis immediately couverted into gas or vapor, and passes ofi' j through the tube-bolts c c into the gas-holder 0. From thence it passes, by the `force of its own pressure, into and through the sponge J' J in the dome L, where additional quanti-ties. of superheatcd steam are introduced by means ot' the pipes l? and K into the sponges, and

there perfect-ly united with the gas or vapor from the oil by force of the combined pressure of the 'steam-boiler, the superheater, and the generator. This supply of super-heated steam -in the dome L, regulated by proper stopcochs,

enables the engineer to compound the same with the gas or vapor from the oil in the exact proportions necessary to produce the greatest amount of heat withv the least possible combustion ot oil. From the top of the dome the united and compounded and vapor.` are conducted, through the pipe F h" and the gastubes m on, into the iirewbox It llt, where perfeet combustion is produced.

Suitable stop-cocks, valves, and wire netting should be placed between all the connee tions, always under control ot' the engineer, by which the utmost safety may be secured.

The word cih whenever and wherever it occurs, and standing a-lone as descriptive oi' the materia-l from which gas or taper is produced in the generator, is intended to include and describe any and every oleaginous and earbouaceous substance which may or can be introduced into the generator in a liquid or iiuid State'.

The advantages gained by our invention are, that the apparatus is more compact and sim ple, making it especially adapted for use on locomotives and other portable engines.

The gas-holder, being placed as a jacket around the generator, serves to tion. The steam-pipc .l in the dome discharges steam or snperheated steam into the Sponges, so as to assist in carrying oit' the gas as fast as formed, and before any condensation or deposit oi' carbon can take place. The vapor and gas are also more readily formed in the generator by being` rapidly removed when formed, and a thorough mixture of gas steam is ciiectcd.

We have described a suitable form et' superheater; but any other linownform oli' appa-` ratus used i'er superbe-ating steam may be einA ploycd. i

We have described our invention with special reference to the burning ot'petrolenm, coalol, shale-oil, and the like; but wedo notlimitourselves to the use of those materials, since there is a large number oli' hydrocarbons which may bc vaporized by su} erheate1.l steam, and then mixed and combined with steam or suierhcated steam, so as ie produce the cembua tible gas or vapor which constitutes one part of our invention.

llaving described our invention., parts ol' which are already secured to us by Letters latent numbered 95,665, and dated October 2, 186), (referencethereunto being had,) and without new claiming anything therein contained, what we new claim, and wish. to selcure by Letters Patent, isA

1. rlhe improved apparatus herein described, composed of a steam-boiler, super-heater, gasn generator, and gas-holder, arran ed 'and cembined as described..

2, The combination of the generater`and strengthen it, i Aand also to prevent any loss el' heat by radiaand ' D and E, or their equivalents, steamto the different parts of linto the dome or top of -t-he machine, so as to gas-holder, so as to forniv one compact vessel', as described.

3. AThe combination ofthe dome, generator,

mix land combine With' the gases or vapors from the oil, in any desired. proportions, and

22a my of Maren, 1870.

thereby produce a 'nenY compound or gas, as dcscribed.

7. T hc process hereindescribcd forburning petroleum and other vaporizable hydrocarbons, the same consisting in rst vaporizing the gaspr'oducing material by means of 'super-heated steam, andA then mixing with the gasor vapor superlieated steam, substantially as rdescribed.

The above specification signedv by ns this 'RODNEY M. WHIPPL. 4.THOMAS S. DICKERSQN.-

Witnesses J oHN H. RICE, WM. P. GOPELAND. 

